ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the effects of fiber surface deposited with silicon dioxide films by atomic layer deposition on properties of dental fiber-reinforced composites.@*Methods @#SiO2 films were deposited on the surface of quartz fiber by atomic layer deposition(ALD). Then the quartz fiber was used to manufacture fiber resin composites, which were divided into four groups: A(no soaking agent removal), B(soaking agent removed), C(soaking agent removed and silanization), and D(soaking agent removed, 600 ALD cycles performed and then silanization). Scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle test, hygroscopicity test, CCK8 test and three-point bending test were used to investigate the properties of fiber resin composites.@*Results@#The surface morphology of the quartz fiber treated by ALD was smooth and had no obvious change compared with that before treatment. Moreover, the quartz fiber showed hydrophobicity after silanization. The results of three-point bending test revealed that the mechanical properties of fiber-resin composites modified by ALD were significantly improved(P<0.05). When viewed by scanning electron microscopy, a good interfacial bonding could be seen between quartz fibers and the resin matrix in Group D. In addition, it was found that Group D had low absorbability, low solubility and good biocompatibility. @*Conclusion@#It is shown that deposition of SiO2 films on the quartz fiber by ALD can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the successful rate and the therapeutic effect of loosening posterior tubercle of cervical transverse process with CT-guided insertion or blind insertion of small needle knife for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Methods Ninety patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were divided into CT-guided insertion group and blind insertion group in the admission order using the random number table method, 45 cases in each group. CT-guided insertion group adopted the insertion of small needle knife following by the guide of CT, and the blind insertion group adopted the insertion of small needle knife following by cervical bony landmarks and muscles. After insertion, the position of the small needle knife in patients of the two groups was located by CT scan. If the needle knife did not arrive to the foci, it will be inserted again following by the guide of CT till successful insertion and location. The successful rate for the two times of insertion was calculated, and the pain scores were evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS). Results(1) The successful rate for the first insertion of CT-guided insertion group was 73.3％, and that of the blind insertion group was 47.8％, the difference being significant(P < 0.01). The successful rate for the second insertion of CT-guided insertion group was 92.2％, and that of the blind insertion group was 80.0％, the difference being significant (P<0.01). (2) After treatment for one week, pain VAS scores of the two group were decreased (P < 0.01 compared with those before treatment) , and the decrease in the CT-guided insertion group was more obvious than the blind insertion group (P < 0.05). Conclusion CT-guided insertion makes the small needle knife therapy be more accurate and safer, ensures much better therapeutic effect, and brings less pain in the patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of two different injection durations and four local pressing durations on the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage after low molecular weight heparin, and find a optimum injection duration and pressing time to reduce the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage associated with subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin. Methods 80 patients, who were deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and undergone inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) after the operation and received low molecular weight heparin (LWMH) for eight times were selected. The injection time and pressing duration after the injection were randomized into 30 s and 2 min, 30 s and 6 min, 30 s and 10 min, 30s and 14 min, 10s and 2 min, 10s and 6 min, 10 s and 10 min, 10 s and 14 min respectively. The incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage were measured after 12 h. Single and multiple factor logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results The injection time and pressing duration after the injection were randomized into 30 s and 2 min, 30 s and 6 min, 30 s and 10 min, 30 s and 14 min, 10 s and 2 min, 10 s and 6 min, 10 s and 10 min, 10 s and 14 min respectively. The results of the incidence rate of subcutaneous hemorrhage were 46.25% (37/80), 22.50% (18/80), 23.75% (19/80), 25.00% (20/80), 71.25% (57/80), 43.75% (35/80), 50.00% (40/80), 50.00% (40/80) respectively. By the single factor test, the results showed that pressing duration and injection duration are associated with the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage after low molecular weight heparin. With regard to the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage, there was significantly difference between 2 min group and the other 3 groups (P0.05). By multiple factors logistic regression analysis, it was revealed that pressing duration and injection duration were significant factors (P|b'(pres ing duration)|=|-1.0729|). Compared with inject 10 s, there was a significantly lower incidence of bruising in inject 30 s. There was a significantly lower incidence of bruising in the longer pressing duration (b|b'(pres ing duration)|). Compared with inject 10 s, there was a significantly lower incidence of bruising in inject 30 s (b<0). there was significantly difference between 2min group and the other 3 groups (P<0.01), while other adjacent groups had no significant differences. Compared with others, there was a significantly high incidence of bruising in pressing 2min and the pressing duration for at least 6 min. Conclusions It is suggested that inject 30 s with pressing for 6 min can effectively reduce the incidence of subcutaneous hemorrhage resulted from subcutaneous injection of LMWH.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe treatment efficacy of acupuncture at different distal acupoints for acute lumbar sprain after massage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and fifty patients with acute lumbar sprain were randomly divided into a Yaotongdian (Extra) group, a Houxi (SI 3) group, a Weizhong (BL 40) group, a Chengshan (BL 57) group and a Shuigou (GV 26) group, total 5 groups, 30 cases in each one. After the same massage treatment and based on groups divided, different distal acupoints above-mentioned were selected to be acupunctured. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, lumbar activity and treatment efficacy of patients in 5 groups were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With acupuncture at distal acupoints after massage,VAS scores of patients in 5 groups were decreased compared with those after massage treatment (all P<0.05); lumbar activity was all obviously improved (all P<0.01); and cured and markedly effective rates were all increased in comparison with those after massage (all P<0.01). But among 5 groups the differences of VAS scores, lumbar activity and cured and markedly effective rates were not statistically significant(all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on massage treatment, acupuncture at distal acupoints could further improve the treatment efficacy for acute lumbar sprain, but there is no obvious effective difference among every distal acupoint. As long as choosing acupoints with lower pain threshold and stimulating enough, good efficacy could be acquired for acute lumbar sprain.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Acute Disease , Therapeutics , Combined Modality Therapy , Lumbosacral Region , Wounds and Injuries , Massage , Sprains and Strains , Therapeutics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to survey the influence of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) repression to receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) expression of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) under the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The level of RANKL in HPDLFs stimulated by 100 ng x mL(-1), 1 microg x mL(-1) and 10 microg x mL(-1) Escherichia coli (E. coli) LPS after 6, 12, 24 and 48 h was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of RANKL in HPDLFs stimulated by 1 microg x mL(-1) E. coli LPS after pretreatment with different titre anti-TLR2+anti-TLR4, anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 antibody were observed respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RANKL was detected at 6 h after stimulation with LPS, and the levels of these cytokine were highest at 24 h, and then gradually decreased. The regularity of each LPS concentration was approximately similar. After pretreatment with anti-TLR2+anti-TLR4, anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 antibody, the level of RANKL was significantly decreased under the stimulation of 1 microg x mL(-1) LPS (P<0.05). In the three groups, the expression of RANKL was significantly different (P<0.05). The level of RANKL in anti-TLR2+anti-TLR4 antibody pretreatment group was the lowest, the level in anti-TLR4 antibody pretreatment group was higher, and the level in anti-TLR2 antibody pretreatment group was the highest.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TLR2 and TLR4 participate in the process of RANKL expres-in HPDLFs induced by LPS. Anti-TLR4 antibody has better inhibition effect to RANKL expression of HPDLFs stimulated by LPS than anti-TLR2.</p>